Class 9 Science – Chapter 2: Tissues
1. Define the term ‘tissue’.
i. A tissue is a group of similar cells.
ii. These cells have the same structure.
iii. They work together to perform a specific function.
2. How many types of elements together make up the xylem tissue? Name them.
i. Xylem is made up of four elements.
ii. Vessels
iii. Tracheids
iv. Xylem fibres
v. Xylem parenchyma
3. How are simple tissues different from complex tissues in plants?
Simple Tissues
Complex Tissues
i. Made of one type of cell
i. Made of more than one type of cell
ii. Perform one common function
ii. Different cells work together
iii. Example: Parenchyma
iii. Example: Xylem, Phloem
4. Differentiate between parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma on the basis of their cell wall.
Parenchyma
Collenchyma
Sclerenchyma
i. Thin cell wall
i. Thick at corners
i. Very thick walls
ii. Made of cellulose
ii. Pectin deposition
ii. Lignin deposition
iii. Living cells
iii. Living cells
iii. Dead cells
5. What are the functions of the stomata?
i. Stomata are tiny pores on the epidermis.
ii. They help in exchange of gases.
iii. They help in transpiration.
6. Show the difference between the three types of muscle fibres diagrammatically.
Types of Muscle Fibres
1. Cardiac muscles
i. Present in the heart
ii. Involuntary
iii. One nucleus
iv. Branched fibres
2. Smooth muscles
i. Found in stomach and intestine
ii. Involuntary
iii. One nucleus
iv. Spindle-shaped
3. Striated muscles
i. Attached to bones
ii. Voluntary
iii. Many nuclei
iv. Long and cylindrical
7. What is the specific function of the cardiac muscle?
i. Cardiac muscles help in pumping blood.
ii. They contract and relax rhythmically.
iii. They work continuously throughout life.
8. Differentiate between striated, un-striated and cardiac muscles on the basis of their structure and site/location in the body.
Character
Striated
Un-striated
Cardiac
Shape
Long, cylindrical
Long, tapering
Cylindrical, branched
Control
Voluntary
Involuntary
Involuntary
Location
Arms, legs
Stomach, intestine
Heart
Bands
Present
Absent
Present (less clear)
9. Draw a labelled diagram of a neuron.
10. Name the following.
(a) Tissue forming inner lining of mouth
i. Squamous epithelial tissue
(b) Tissue connecting muscle to bone
i. Tendon
(c) Tissue transporting food in plants
i. Phloem
(d) Tissue storing fat
i. Adipose tissue
(e) Connective tissue with fluid matrix
i. Blood
(f) Tissue present in brain
i. Nervous tissue
11. Identify the type of tissue in the following.
i. Skin – Stratified squamous epithelium
ii. Bark of tree – Cork (protective tissue)
iii. Bone – Connective tissue
iv. Kidney tubule lining – Cuboidal epithelium
v. Vascular bundle – Xylem and phloem
12. Name the regions in which parenchyma tissue is present.
i. Pith of stem and roots
ii. Green leaves (chlorenchyma)
iii. Aquatic plants (aerenchyma)
13. What is the role of epidermis in plants?
i. Forms a protective outer layer.
ii. Prevents water loss.
iii. Protects from injury and infection.
14. How does the cork act as a protective tissue?
i. Cork cells are dead.
ii. Cells are tightly packed.
iii. Suberin makes cells waterproof.
iv. Prevents water and gas exchange.
15. Complete the following chart.
Extra Questions
1. What is a tissue?
i. A group of similar cells.
ii. Perform a specific function together.
2. What is the utility of tissues in multicellular organisms?
i. Provide strength and support.
ii. Help in division of labour.
iii. Improve efficiency of functions.
3. Name the types of simple tissues.
i. Parenchyma
ii. Collenchyma
iii. Sclerenchyma
4. Where is apical meristem found?
i. Tip of the shoot
ii. Tip of the root
5. Which tissue makes up the husk of a coconut?
i. Sclerenchyma tissue
ii. Cells are dead
iii. Cell walls contain lignin
6. What are the constituents of phloem?
i. Sieve tubes
ii. Companion cells
iii. Phloem parenchyma
iv. Phloem fibres
7. Name the tissue responsible for movement of our body.
i. Muscular tissue
ii. Nervous tissue
8. What does a neuron look like?
i. A nerve cell
ii. Has a cell body and nucleus
iii. Long axon
iv. Short branched dendrites
9. Give three features of cardiac muscles.
i. Cylindrical and branched
ii. Striated
iii. Involuntary
iv. Uninucleated
10. What are the functions of areolar tissue?
i. Fills spaces between organs.
ii. Supports internal organs.
iii. Helps in tissue repair.
iv. Found between skin and muscles.
